The national healthcare system of KSA is split into a public sector that caters to locals and a private sector for expats. As of 2022, Saudi Arabia allocated 14.4% of its GDP to healthcare and plans to inject $66.7billion into healthcare infrastructure. The healthcare system is primarily owned and operated by the government through the Ministry of Health (MoH) (60%) and other governmental or semi-public healthcare systems (20%).

Public healthcare covers the local population (58.4%). The care spans primary, secondary, and tertiary services. Primary care is available at primary healthcare centers (PHCs), and secondary services in hospitals and specialty centers include diagnostics, surgery, and emergency care. Tertiary care, provided in specialized hospitals, focuses on advanced treatments such as transplants and cancer care.

The private healthcare sector, constituting 20% of all healthcare services, serves expatriates (67%) and locals (33%) who receive private insurance through their employers, including plans that feature deductibles and co-payments for outpatient treatment up to 20%. The sector operates approximately 32.2% of hospitals carrying 24.6% of the overall bed supply. Private healthcare is provided by employers to expatriates, through employer/employee contributions. Each of the private hospitals also provides primary, secondary, and tertiary care.